Analysis and Design of Algorithms Multiple choice questions

 1.Recursion is similar to which of the following?
 Switch Case
 Loop
 If-else
 if elif else

2.In recursion, the condition for which the function will stop calling itself is ____________
 Best case
 Worst case
 Base case
 There is no such condition

3.Consider the following code snippet:
void my_recursive_function()
{
my_recursive_function();
}
int main()
{
my_recursive_function();
return 0;
}

What will happen when the above snippet is executed?
 The code will be executed successfully and no output will be generated
 The code will be executed successfully and random output will be generated
 The code will show a compile-time error
 The code will run for some time and stop when the stack overflows

4.What is the output of the following code?
void my_recursive_function(int n)
{
if(n == 0)
return;
printf("%d ",n);
my_recursive_function(n-1);
}
int main()
{
my_recursive_function(10);
return 0;
}
 10
 1
 10 9 8 ... 1 0
 10 9 8 ... 1

5.What is the base case for the following code?
void my_recursive_function(int n)
{
if(n == 0)
return;
printf("%d ",n);
my_recursive_function(n-1);
}
int main()
{
my_recursive_function(10);
return 0;
}

 Return
 printf(“%d “, n)
 if(n == 0)
 My_recursive_function(n-1)

6.How many times is the recursive function called, when the following code is executed?
void my_recursive_function(int n)
{
if(n == 0)
return;
printf("%d ",n);
my_recursive_function(n-1);
}
int main()
{
my_recursive_function(10);
return 0;
}

 9
 10
 11
 12

7.Which of the following statements is true?
 Recursion is always better than iteration
 Recursion uses more memory compared to iteration
 Recursion uses less memory compared to iteration
 Iteration is always better and simpler than recursion

8.What will be the output of the following code?
int cnt=0;
void my_recursive_function(int n)
{
if(n == 0)
return;
cnt++;
my_recursive_function(n/10);
}
int main()
{
my_recursive_function(123456789);
printf("%d",cnt);
return 0;
}

 123456789
 10
 0
 9

9.
void my_recursive_function(int n)
{
if(n == 0)
{
printf("False");
return;
}
if(n == 1)
{
printf("True");
return;
}
if(n%2==0)
my_recursive_function(n/2);
else
{
printf("False");
return;
}
}
int main()
{
my_recursive_function(100);
return 0;
}

 True
 False

10.What is the output of the following code?
int cnt = 0;
void my_recursive_function(char *s, int i)
{
if(s[i] == '\0')
return;
if(s[i] == 'a' || s[i] == 'e' || s[i] == 'i' || s[i] == 'o' || s[i] == 'u')
cnt++;
my_recursive_function(s,i+1);
}
int main()
{
my_recursive_function("thisisrecursion",0);
printf("%d",cnt);
return 0;
}

 6
 9
 5
 10

11.What is the output of the following code?
void my_recursive_function(int *arr, int val, int idx, int len)
{
if(idx == len)
{
printf("-1");
return ;
}
if(arr[idx] == val)
{
printf("%d",idx);
return;
}
my_recursive_function(arr,val,idx+1,len);
}
int main()
{
int array[10] = {7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1, 9, 5, 0, 8};
int value = 2;
int len = 10;
my_recursive_function(array, value, 0, len);
return 0;
}

 3
 4
 5
 6

12.______is the first step in solving the problem
 Understanding the Problem
 Identify the Problem
 Evaluate the Solution
 None of these

13.______is the last step in solving the problem
 Understanding the Problem
 Identify the Problem
 Evaluate the Solution
 None of these

14.Following is true for understanding of a problem
 Knowing the knowledgebase
 Understanding the subject on which the problem is based
 Communication with the client
 All of the above

15.The six-step solution for the problem can be applied to
I. Problems with Algorithmic Solution
II. Problems with Heuristic Solution
 Only I
 Only II
 Both I and II
 Neither I nor II

16.______ solution requires reasoning built on knowledge and experience
 Algorithmic Solution
 Heuristic Solution
 Random Solution
 None of these

17.The correctness and appropriateness of ___________solution can be checked very easily.
 Algorithmic solution
 Heuristic solution
 Random solution
 None of these

18.The branch of computer that deals with heuristic types of problem is called _________________.
 System software
 Real time software
 Artificial intelligence
 None of these

19.Artificial Intelligence makes use of following prominently
 Database
 Data Warehouse
 Knowledge base
 None of these

20.Naming convention for variable is followed in company because ____________.
 It enhances readability
 It allows to work without conflicts
 It enhances the efficiency
 All of the above

Operating System multiple choice questions

1) Which of the following is not an operating system?

Windows
Linux
Oracle
DOS

Answer: (c) Oracle
Explanation: Oracle is an RDBMS (Relational Database Management System). It is known as Oracle Database, Oracle DB, or Oracle Only. The first database for enterprise grid computing is the Oracle database.

2) What is the maximum length of the filename in DOS?
4
5
8
12
Answer: (c) 8
Explanation: The maximum length of the filename is 8 characters in the DOS operating system. It is commonly known as an 8.3 filename.

3) When was the first operating system developed?
1948
1949
1950
1951
Answer: (c) 1950
Explanation: The first operating system was developed in the early 1950's. It was also called a single-stream batch processing system because it presented data in groups.

4) When were MS windows operating systems proposed?
1994
1990
1992
1985
Answer: (d) 1985
Explanation: The first MS Windows operating system was introduced in early 1985.

5) Which of the following is the extension of Notepad?
.txt
.xls
.ppt
.bmp
Answer: (a) .txt
Explanation: The .txt file extension is a standard text document extension that contains the unformatted text. It is the default file extension for the notepad.

6) What else is a command interpreter called?
prompt
kernel
shell
command
Answer: (c) shell
Explanation: The command interpreter is also called the shell.

7) What is the full name of FAT?
File attribute table
File allocation table
Font attribute table
Format allocation table
Answer: (b) File allocation table.
Explanation: The FAT stands for File allocation table. The FAT is a file system architecture. It is used in computer systems and memory cards. A FAT of the contents of a computer disk indicates which field is used for which file.

8) BIOS is used?
By operating system
By compiler
By interpreter
By application software
Answer: (a) By operating system
Explanation: BIOS is used by the operating system. It is used to configure and identify the hardware in a system such as the hard drive, floppy drive, optical drive, CPU, and memory.

9) What is the mean of the Booting in the operating system?
Restarting computer
Install the program
To scan
To turn off
Answer: (a) Restarting computer
Explanation: Booting is a process of the restart the computer. After restarting it, there is no software in the computer's main memory.

10) When does page fault occur?
The page is present in memory.
The deadlock occurs.
The page does not present in memory.
The buffering occurs.
Answer: (c) The page does not present in memory.
Explanation: Page faults occur when a process tries to access a block page of the memory and that page is not stored in RAM (Read only memory) or memory.

11) Banker's algorithm is used?
To prevent deadlock
To deadlock recovery
To solve the deadlock
None of these
Answer: (a) To prevent deadlock
Explanation: Banker's algorithm is used to prevent the deadlock condition. The banker algorithm is sometimes called the detection algorithm. It is named the banker algorithm because it is used to determine whether a loan can be granted in the banking system or not.

12) When you delete a file in your computer, where does it go?
Recycle bin
Hard disk
Taskbar
None of these
Answer: (a) Recycle bin
Explanation: When you delete a file on your computer device, it is transferred to your computer system's recycle bin or trash.

13) Which is the Linux operating system?
Private operating system
Windows operating system
Open-source operating system
None of these
Answer: (c) Open-source operating system
Explanation: The Linux operating system is an open-source operating system made up of a kernel. It is a very safe operating system.

14) What is the full name of the DSM?
Direct system module
Direct system memory
Demoralized system memory
Distributed shared memory
Answer: (d) Distributed shared memory
Explanation: The DSM stands for Distributed Shared Memory.

15) What is the full name of the IDL?
Interface definition language
Interface direct language
Interface data library
None of these
Answer: (a) Interface definition language
Explanation: The IDL stands for Interface Definition Language. It is used to establish communications between clients and servers in RPC (Remote Procedure Call).

16) What is bootstrapping called?
Cold boot
Cold hot boot
Cold hot strap
Hot boot
Answer: (a) Cold boot
Explanation: Bootstrapping is also known as the cool boot.

17) What is the fence register used for?
To disk protection
To CPU protection
To memory protection
None of these
Answer: (c) To memory protection
Explanation: The fence register is used for memory protection on the computer. It is a way to access the memory in the computer.

18) If the page size increases, the internal fragmentation is also?..?
Decreases
Increases
Remains constant
None of these
Answer: (b) Increases
Explanation: None

19) Which of the following is a single-user operating system?
Windows
MAC
Ms-Dos
None of these
Answer: (c) Ms-Dos
Explanation: The single-user operating system is the operating system in which only one user can access the computer system at a time, and Ms-DOS is the best example of a single-user operating system.

20) The size of virtual memory is based on which of the following?
CPU
RAM
Address bus
Data bus
Answer: (c) Address bus
Explanation: The size of virtual memory is based on the address bus.

21) If a page number is not found in the translation lookaside buffer, then it is known as a?
Translation Lookaside Buffer miss
Buffer miss
Translation Lookaside Buffer hit
All of the mentioned
Answer: (a) Translation Lookaside Buffer miss
Explanation: A Translation Lookaside Buffer miss arises when the page table entry needed to translate a virtual address to a physical address is not available in the translation lookaside buffer.

22) Which of the following is not application software?
Windows 7
WordPad
Photoshop
MS-excel
Answer: (a) Windows 7
Explanation: Windows 7 is not an application software because it is a operating system.

23) Which of the following supports Windows 64 bit?
Window XP
Window 2000
Window 1998
None of these
Answer: (a) Window XP
Explanation: Windows XP supports the 64-bits. Windows XP is designed to expand the memory address space. Its original name is Microsoft Windows XP Professional x64 and it is based on the x86-64 architecture.

24) Which of the following windows does not have a start button?
Windows 7
Windows 8
Windows XP
None of these
Answer: (b) Windows 8
Explanation: Windows 8 does not have a start button because it uses the tablet mode, but windows 8.1 has a start button.

25) Which of the following operating systems does not support more than one program at a time?
Linux
Windows
MAC
DOS
Answer: (d) DOS
Explanation: DOS stands for Disk operating system. Disk operating system is a single-user operating system that does not support more than one program at a time.

26) Which of the following is a condition that causes deadlock?
Mutual exclusion
Hold and wait
Circular wait
No preemption
All of these
Answer: (e) All of these
Explanation: None

27) Who provides the interface to access the services of the operating system?
API
System call
Library
Assembly instruction
Answer: (b) System call
Explanation: The system call provides an interface for user programs to access the services of the operating system through the API (Application Program Interface).

28) Where are placed the list of processes that are prepared to be executed and waiting?
Job queue
Ready queue
Execution queue
Process queue
Answer: (b) Ready queue
Explanation: The ready queue is a set of all the processes that processes are ready to execute and wait.

29) Who among the following can block the running process?
Fork
Read
Down
All of these
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation: None

30) Which of the following does not interrupt the running process?
Timer interrupt
Device
Power failure
Scheduler process
Answer: (b) Scheduler process
Explanation: Scheduler process does not interrupt in any running process. Its job is to select the processes for long-term, short-term, and short-term scheduler.

31) What is Microsoft window?
Operating system
Graphics program
Word Processing
Database program
Answer: (a) Operating system
Explanation: Microsoft Windows is an operating system that was developed by Microsoft company. The Microsoft Windows is available in 32-bits and 64-bits in the market.

32) Which of the following is group of programs?
Accessories
Paint
Word
All of above
Answer: (a) Accessories
Explanation: The windows accessories are a group of programs in the operating system. Windows XP offers many accessories or software that you can use to help with your work. The accessories are not full features programs, but it is useful for a specific task in the operating systems. It provides many programs such as a painting program, a calculator, a word processor, a notepad, and Internet software.

33) Which of the following is an example of a Real Time Operating System?
MAC
MS-DOS
Windows 10
Process Control
Answer: (d) Process Control
Explanation: Process control is a best example of a Real time operating system.

34) Which of the following operating systems do you use for a client-server network?
MAC
Linux
Windows XP
Windows 2000
Answer: (d) Windows 2000
Explanation: Windows 2002 operating systems were used to implement a client Server Network. It is a server OS that was developed by Microsoft in April 24, 2002. It includes some features of Windows XP.

35) Which windows was introduced to My Computer?
Windows 10
Windows XP
Windows 95
Windows 98
Answer: (c) Windows 95
Explanation: Windows 95 was first window to introduced the My Computer.

36) What type of commands are required to perform various tasks in DOS?
Internal commands
External commands
Valuable commands
Primary commands
Answer: (b) External commands
Explanation: External commands are required to perform various tasks in DOS.

37) What is the number of characters contained in the primary name of the file of MS-DOS?
Up to 8 characters
3 characters
Up to 10 characters
None of the above
Answer: (a) Up to 8 characters
Explanation: MS-DOS operating system uses the file system that supports the 8.3 characters. The eight characters are used to the filename, and three characters are used to the extension.

38) Which command is used to fetch a group (.doc) of files that have just been deleted?
Undelete
Undelete/all
Undelete *.doc
All of above
Answer: (c) Undelete *.doc
Explanation: Undelete *.doc command is used to fetch a group (.doc) of files that have just been deleted.

39) Which of the following is system software?
Operating system
Compiler
Utilities
All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
Explanation: The system software is a type of computer program designed to run hardware and software programs on a computer. According to some definitions, system software also includes system utilities, system restore, development tools, compilers, and debuggers.

40) Which program runs first after booting the computer and loading the GUI?
Desktop Manager
File Manager
Windows Explorer
Authentication
Answer: (d) Authentication
Explanation: The authentication program is run first after booting the computer and loading the GUI. Authentication is a process of verifying the person or device. For example, when you log in to Facebook, you enter a username and password.